印刷和平面设计术语与英文翻译（九）
自然色 - 非常浅棕色的纸张。也可称为古董、奶油色、象牙色、灰白色或柔和的白色。
Natural Color - Very light brown color of paper. May also be called antique, cream, ivory, off-white or mellow white.
NCR 表格(无碳表格)——“无需碳”的首字母缩写词，NCR 纸最多可分为 6 个部分，通常填充成“套”。 NCR 纸涂有无色染料。书写或其他压力会产生可见的颜色，从而自动“复制”到其他纸张上。
NCR Forms(carbonless forms) - an acronym for “No Carbon Required,” NCR papers are available in up to 6 parts and usually padded into "sets." The NCR paper is coated with a colorless dye. Writing or other pressure produces visible color making "copies" automatically to the other sheets.
嵌套 - 与聚集相比，签名以正确的顺序相互组装以进行绑定。也称为插页。
Nested - Signatures assembled inside one another in the proper sequence for binding, as compared to gathered. Also called inset.
中性灰色 - 没有色调或色偏的灰色。
Neutral Gray - Gray with no hue or cast.
新闻纸 - 用于印刷报纸的纸张。 被认为是低质量和“短寿命使用”。
News Print - Paper used in printing newspapers. Considered low quality and “a short life use.”
牛顿环 - 照片或半色调中的瑕疵，看起来像一滴油或水。
Newton Ring - Flaw in a photograph or halftone that looks like a drop of oil or water.
咬合 - 在装订过程中，在缝纫阶段从内容物中排出空气的阶段。
Nipping - In the book binding process, a stage where air is expelled from it's contents at the sewing stage.
非接触式印刷 - 使用激光、离子、喷墨或热量将图像转移到纸上进行印刷。
Nonimpact Printing - Printing using lasers, ions, ink jets or heat to transfer images to paper.
不可复制的蓝色 - 浅蓝色不会记录在图形艺术胶片上，因此可用于预印版面网格和在机械上编写说明。 也称为蓝铅笔、淡出蓝、淡出蓝和非复制蓝。
Nonreproducing Blue - Light blue that does not record on graphic arts film, therefore may be used to preprint layout grids and write instructions on mechanicals. Also called blue pencil, drop-out blue, fade-out blue and nonrepro blue.
新奇印刷——在杯垫、铅笔、气球、高尔夫球和烟灰缸等产品上印刷，称为广告特色或赠品。
Novelty Printing - Printing on products such as coasters, pencils, balloons, golf balls and ashtrays, known as advertising specialties or premiums.
胶印 - 将油墨从印版转移到橡皮布到纸上而不是直接从印版转移到纸上的印刷技术。
Offset Printing - Printing technique that transfers ink from a plate to a blanket to paper instead of directly from plate to paper.
不透明度 - 纸张的不透明度由其重量、成分和吸收性决定。纸张的不透明度决定了在纸张的反面显示多少打印内容。不透明度以其反射百分比表示。完全不透明度为 100%，完全透明度为 0%。
Opacity - a paper's opacity is determined by its weight, ingredients and absorbency. A paper's opacity determines how much printing will show through on the reverse side of a sheet. Opacity is expressed in terms of it's percentage of reflection. Complete opacity is 100% and complete transparency is 0%.
洋葱皮 - 过去通常用于航空邮件的一种特殊的轻质(种类)纸张。今天很少使用(在打字机时代)。
Onion Skin - A specific lightweight type (kind) of paper usually used in the past for air mail. Seldom used today (in the typewriter era).
叠加打样 - 与整体打样相比，彩色打样由相互叠放的聚酯片材组成，其图像已对齐。 每张纸代表要以一种颜色打印的图像。 也称为赛璐珞证明和分层证明。
Overlay Proof - Color proof consisting of polyester sheets laid on top of each other with their image in register, as compared to integral proof. Each sheet represents the image to be printed in one color. Also called celluloid proof and layered proof.
叠印 - 在先前打印的图像上打印一个图像，例如在屏幕色调上打印类型。 也称为超印。
Overprint - To print one image over a previously printed image, such as printing type over a screen tint. Also called surprint.
页面 - 出版物中叶子的一侧。
Page - One side of a leaf in a publication.
页数 - 出版物的总页数。也称为程度。
页数 - 出版物的总页数。
Page Count - Total number of pages that a publication has.
页面校样 - 类型和图形的校样，因为它们将在完成的页面上完成，包括标题、规则和作品集等元素。
Page Proof - Proof of type and graphics as they will look on the finished page complete with elements such as headings, rules and folios.
PDF(可移植文档格式)——一种自包含的跨平台文档，无论用户使用的是哪种计算机或打印机，或者文档最初是使用什么软件创建的，它在屏幕上和打印中的外观都是一样的。 Adobe Systems 于 1993 年创建的用于文档交换的文件格式。阅读更多
PDF (Portable Document Format) - a self-contained cross-platform document that will look the same on the screen and in print, regardless of what kind of computer or printer someone is using or what software the document was originally created with. A file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 for document exchange. READ MORE
分页 - 在图书领域，页面编号。
Pagination - In the book arena, the numbering of pages.
彩绘纸 - 与专色相比，使用墨水边到边打印的纸。涂漆片材是指最终产品，而不是印刷片材，这意味着 100% 的覆盖率来自所有四个侧面的渗色。
Painted Sheet - Sheet printed with ink edge to edge, as compared to spot color. The painted sheet refers to the final product, not the press sheet, and means that 100 percent coverage results from bleeds off all four sides.
纸版 - 在短版胶印领域由坚固耐用的纸张制成的印版(短版具有成本效益)。
Paper Plate - A printing plate made of strong and durable paper in the short run offset arena (cost effective with short runs).
父表 - 任何大于 11 英寸 x 17 英寸或 A3 的纸张。
Parent Sheet - Any sheet larger than 11″ x 17″ or A3.
胶订- 书籍装订，将页面粘合在一起，然后直接粘在书的封面上。
Perfect Binding - book binding in which pages are glued together and then adhered directly to the cover of the book.
打孔 - 在印刷机或装订机上进行，形成一条小点整体线，用于撕下印刷品的一部分(通常是直线，垂直或水平)。
Perforating - Taking place on a press or a binder machine, creating a line of small dotted wholes for the purpose of tearing-off a part of a printed matter (usually straight lines, vertical or horizontal).
光刻 - 使用光化学完成雕刻。
Photoengraving - Engraving done using photochemistry.
针式套准 - 通过在平面和印版的边缘使用直径相同的小孔来套准分色、平面和印版的技术。
Pin Register - Technique of registering separations, flats and printing plates by using small holes, all of equal diameter, at the edges of both flats and plates.
像素 - 图片元素的缩写，由计算机、扫描仪或其他数字设备制成的点。也称为 pel。
Pixel - Short for picture element, a dot made by a computer, scanner or other digital device. Also called pel.
平版印刷——图像载体是水平表面的印刷方法，油墨区域通过化学方法与非油墨区域分开。平版印刷包括平版印刷、胶版印刷和精神复制。
Planographic Printing - Printing method whose image carriers are level surfaces with inked areas separated from noninked areas by chemical means. Planographic printing includes lithography, offset lithography and spirit duplicating.
印版 - 一张纸、金属、塑料或橡胶，上面带有要使用印刷机复制的图像。
Plate - Piece of paper, metal, plastic or rubber carrying an image to be reproduced using a printing press.
制版机 - (1) 在快速印刷中，一种通过机械装置自动制作印版的过程相机。 (2) 在商业光刻中，一种带有真空框架的机器，用于通过胶片曝光印版。
Platemaker - (1) In quick printing, a process camera that makes plates automatically from mechanicals. (2) In commercial lithography, a machine with a vacuum frame used to expose plates through film.
制版胶片 - 为制版做好充分准备的剥离底片或正片。
Plate-ready Film - Stripped negatives or positives fully prepared for platemaking.
PMS(彩通匹配系统) - 颜色选择图表;一种主要用于印刷的色彩空间，也用于各种其他行业，包括广告专业、油漆、织物和塑料。
PMS (Pantone Matching System)- a color choices chart; a color space used primarily in printing, but also a variety of other industries including advertising specialties, paint, fabric and plastics.
正片 - 与允许光通过的负片相比，防止光线穿过图像的胶片。又称淘汰片。
Positive Film - Film that prevents light from passing through images, as compared to negative film that allows light to pass through. Also called knockout film.
后装订 - 使用螺钉装订，并通过一堆松散纸张中的孔插入后装订。
Post Bind - To bind using a screw and post inserted through a hole in a pile of loose sheets.
印前 - 印刷前由印刷商、分离器或服务机构执行的相机工作、分色、剥离、制版和其他印前功能。也称为准备。
Prepress - Camera work, color separations, stripping, platemaking and other prepress functions performed by the printer, separator or a service bureau prior to printing. Also called preparation.
印前校样 - 与使用墨水印刷的印刷校样相比，使用喷墨、墨粉、染料或覆盖层制作的任何颜色校样。也称为干打样和脱机打样。
Prepress Proof - Any color proof made using ink jet, toner, dyes or overlays, as compared to a press proof printed using ink. Also called dry proof and off-press proof.
预印 - 打印将用于以后印记的部分纸张。
Preprint - To print portions of sheets that will be used for later imprinting.
印刷检查 - 在授权开始全面生产之前检查印刷机的准备印张的事件。
Press Check - Event at which makeready sheets from the press are examined before authorizing full production to begin.
印刷校样 - 使用为作业指定的印版、墨水和纸张在印刷机上进行校样。也称为罢工和审判证明。
Press Proof - Proof made on press using the plates, ink and paper specified for the job. Also called strike off and trial proof.
印刷时间 - (1) 一项印刷作业在印刷机上花费的时间，包括准备工作所需的时间。 (2) 印刷工作在一天中的时间进行印刷。
Press Time - (1) Amount of time that one printing job spends on press, including time required for makeready. (2) Time of day at which a printing job goes on press.
印刷 - 将图像从原件(如胶片负片或正片、电子存储器、模板、模具或印版)转移到纸张或其他基材上的任何过程。
Printing - Any process that transfers to paper or another substrate an image from an original such as a film negative or positive, electronic memory, stencil, die or plate.
印刷板 - 带有要印刷的图像的表面。快速打印使用纸或塑料板;凸版印刷、雕刻和商业平版印刷使用金属板;柔版印刷使用橡胶或软塑料板。凹版印刷使用滚筒。丝网印刷也称为印版。
Printing Plate - Surface carrying an image to be printed. Quick printing uses paper or plastic plates; letterpress, engraving and commercial lithography use metal plates; flexography uses rubber or soft plastic plates. Gravure printing uses a cylinder. The screen printing is also called a plate.
印刷单元 - 将印刷一种墨水颜色的墨斗、滚筒和滚筒的组件。也称为色站、甲板、墨水站、打印机、站和塔。
Printing Unit - Assembly of fountain, rollers and cylinders that will print one ink color. Also called color station, deck, ink station, printer, station and tower.
印刷色 - cmyk 颜色模型，简称印刷色(或四色，或四色印刷)，是一种用于全色印刷的减色模型。 CMYK 指的是印刷色印刷中使用的四种油墨：青色、品红色、黄色和黑色。
Process Color - the CMYK color model, referred to as process color (or four color, or four-color process) is a subtractive color model used in full-color printing. CMYK refers to the four inks used in process color printing: cyan, magenta, yellow and black.
校样 - 为揭示错误或缺陷而制作的测试表，预测印刷结果并记录完成后印刷作业的预期外观。
Proof - Test sheet made to reveal errors or flaws, predict results on press and record how a printing job is intended to appear when finished.
校对者标记 - 用于标记手稿和校样的标准符号和缩写。 也称为校正标记。
Proofreader Marks - Standard symbols and abbreviations used to mark up manuscripts and proofs. Also called correction marks.
出版用纸 - 重量、颜色和表面适合书籍、杂志、目录和独立插页的纸张。
Publishing Paper - Paper made in weights, colors and surfaces suited to books, magazines, catalogs and free-standing inserts.
四开本 - (1) 纸张折叠两次，使页面大小为原始纸张的四分之一。 四开本有 8 页的签名。 (2) 由四开本制成的书，传统上尺寸约为 9 英寸 x 12 英寸。
Quarto - (1) Sheet folded twice, making pages one-fourth the size of the original sheet. A quarto makes an 8-page signature. (2) Book made from quarto sheets, traditionally measuring about 9″ x 12″.
快速印刷 - 使用称为复印机的小型单张纸印刷机进行印刷，使用裁切尺寸的证券纸和胶版纸。
Quick Printing - Printing using small sheet-fed presses, called duplicators, using cut sizes of bond and offset paper.
光栅图像处理器 - 将页面描述命令转换为输出设备(如激光打印机或照排机)的位图信息的设备。
Raster Image Processor - Device that translates page description commands into bitmapped information for an output device such as a laser printer or imagesetter.
令 - 500 张纸。
Ream - 500 sheets of paper.
再生纸 - 完全或部分由旧纸制成的新纸。
Recycled Paper - New paper made entirely or in part from old paper.
套准 - 将纸张边缘的打印和其他打印正确地放置在同一张纸上。据说这种印刷是登记的。
Register - To place printing properly with regard to the edges of paper and other printing on the same sheet. Such printing is said to be in register.
套准标记——机械和胶片上的十字线，有助于保持平面、印版和印刷的套准。也称为十字标记和位置标记。
Register Marks - Cross-hair lines on mechanicals and film that help keep flats, plates, and printing in register. Also called crossmarks and position marks.
凸版印刷 - 图像载体是具有两层表面的印刷方法，其着墨区域高于非着墨区域。凸版印刷包括木版印刷、柔版印刷和凸版印刷。
Relief Printing - Printing method whose image carriers are surfaces with two levels having inked areas higher than noninked areas. Relief printing includes block printing, flexography and letter press.
分辨率 - 图像的精细度或粗糙度;存储在图像文件中的数据量，以每英寸像素 (PPI) 或每英寸点数 (DPI) 为单位。
Resolution - the fineness or coarseness of an image; the amount of data stored in an image file, measured in pixels per inch (PPI) or dots per inch (DPI).
RGB - 红色、绿色、蓝色的缩写，加色原色。
RGB - Abbreviation for red, green, blue, the additive color primaries.
右对齐 - 使用单词之间的正常间距与右页边距对齐的类型，导致左边距参差不齐。
Right Justified - type that is aligned with the right page margin using normal spacing between the words resulting in a ragged left margin.
轮转机 - 印刷时在两个旋转滚筒之间通过承印物的印刷机。
Rotary Press - Printing press which passes the substrate between two rotating cylinders when making an impression.
圆背装订 - 与平背装订相比，用圆形(凸面)书脊装订。
Round Back Bind - To casebind with a rounded (convex) spine, as compared to flat back bind.
骑马订 - 一种装订过程，通过书脊将页面装订在一起以创建小册子。
Saddle Stitch - a binding process where pages are stapled together through the spine to create a booklet.
无衬线 - 一种没有衬线的字体;没有小的水平线位于某些或所有单个类型字符的顶部和/或底部。
Sans Serif - a type face that has lacks serifs; there are no small horizontal lines which rest on the tops and/or bottoms of some or all of the individual type characters.
缎面饰面 - 铜版纸上无光泽饰面的替代术语。
Satin Finish - Alternate term for dull finish on coated paper.
比例 - 确定照片或艺术品应放大或缩小的百分比，以达到打印的正确尺寸。
Scale - To identify the percent by which photographs or art should be enlarged or reduced to achieve, the correct size for printing.
扫描仪 - 用于扫描图像的电子设备。
Scanner - Electronic device used to scan an image.
丝网角度 - 丝网与印张水平线相交的角度。 用于分色的常见加网角度为黑色 45 度、品红色 75 度、黄色 90 度和青色 105 度。
Screen Angles - Angles at which screens intersect with the horizontal line of the press sheet. The common screen angles for separations are black 45 degree, magenta 75 degree, yellow 90 degree and cyan 105 degree.
丝网密度 - 指丝网色调允许打印的墨水覆盖百分比。 也称为屏幕百分比。
Screen Density - Refers to the percentage of ink coverage that a screen tint allows to print. Also called screen percentage.
丝网印刷 - 使用刮刀迫使油墨通过网眼织物和模板的组合进行印刷的方法。
Screen Printing - Method of printing by using a squeegee to force ink through an assembly of mesh fabric and a stencil.
丝网印刷——图像载体是机织织物、塑料或金属的印刷方法，允许墨水通过某些部分并阻止墨水通过其他部分。丝网印刷包括丝网印刷和油印机。
Serigraphic Printing - Printing method whose image carriers are woven fabric, plastic or metal that allow ink to pass through some portions and block ink from passing through other portions. Serigraphic printing includes screen and mimeograph.
丝网色调 - 由点而不是固体油墨覆盖产生的颜色。也称为 Benday、填充图案、网屏色调、阴影、色调和色调。
Screen Tint - Color created by dots instead of solid ink coverage. Also called Benday, fill pattern, screen tone, shading, tint and tone.
分色 - 通常在四色制版领域中，将每张胶片分别保存一种特定颜色的图像。黑色、青色、洋红色和黄色。还可以通过胶片分离特定的 PMS 颜色。
Separations - Usually in the four-color process arena, separate film holding qimages of one specific color per piece of film. Black, Cyan, Magenta and Yellow. Can also separate specific PMS colors through film.
偏移 - 湿油墨从一张纸的顶部不希望地转移到另一张纸的下面，因为它们位于印刷机的交付堆栈中。也称为偏移量。
Setoff - Undesirable transfer of wet ink from the top of one sheet to the underside of another as they lie in the delivery stack of a press. Also called offset.
单张纸印刷机 - 使用单张纸而不是连续纸卷进行印刷的印刷机。
Sheet-fed Press - a printing press that uses single sheets of paper to print on rather than a continuous roll of paper.
侧针 - 通过沿着纸张的侧面装订(通常在文本的左侧)装订纸张。
Side Stitch - binding paper by stapling along the side of a sheet (usually to the left of the text).
大豆基油墨 - 使用植物油代替石油产品作为颜料载体的油墨，因此更环保。
Soy-based Inks - Inks using vegetable oils instead of petroleum products as pigment vehicles, thus are easier on the environment.
特种打印机 - 其设备、耗材、工作流程和营销针对特定类别产品的打印机。
Specially Printer - Printer whose equipment, supplies, work flow and marketing is targeted to a particular category of products.
规格 - 对印刷作业特征的完整和准确的书面描述，例如字号和行距、纸张等级和数量、印刷或装订方法。缩写规格。
Specifications - Complete and precise written description of features of a printing job such as type size and leading, paper grade and quantity, printing or binding method. Abbreviated specs.
分光光度计 - 用于测量颜色折射率的仪器。
Spectrophotometer - Instrument used to measure the index of refraction of color.
螺旋装订 - 使用螺旋状的连续金属丝或塑料环通孔进行装订。也称为线圈绑定。
Spiral Bind - To bind using a spiral of continuous wire or plastic looped through holes. Also called coil bind.
损坏 - 与浪费相比，由于错误或事故而必须丢弃而不是交付给客户的纸张。
Spoilage - Paper that, due to mistakes or accidents, must be thrown away instead of delivered printed to the customer, as compared to waste.
专色 - 使用一种或多种单一墨水颜色代替(或除此之外)印刷色(全色)印刷。墨水颜色在打印前而不是在打印过程中混合。
Spot Color - using one or more single ink colors instead of (or in addition to) process color (full color) printing. Ink color is mixed before printing instead of during the printing process.
基材 - 进行印刷的任何表面或材料。
Substrate - Any surface or material on which printing is done.
减色法——油墨、油漆、染料和天然着色剂的混合。表面显示的颜色取决于光谱的哪些颜色被它反射并因此可见。颜色是通过减去(即吸收)某些波长的光并反射其他波长而产生的。
Subtractive Color - the mixing of inks, paints, dyes and natural colorants. The color that a surface displays depends on which colors of the spectrum are reflected by it and therefore made visible. Colors are caused by subtracting (that is, absorbing) some wavelengths of light and reflecting the others.
超级压光纸 - 使用交替的铬和纤维辊压光纸，以产生光滑的薄纸。 缩写 SC 纸。
Supercalendered Paper - Paper calendered using alternating chrome and fiber rollers to produce a smooth, thin sheet. Abbreviated SC paper.
SWOP - 网络胶印出版物规范的缩写，推荐用于网络印刷出版物的规范。
色板书
SWOP - Abbreviation for specifications for web offset publications, specifications recommended for web printing of publications.
Swatch Book - 包含显示纸张颜色、厚度和其他规格的纸张样本。
Swatch Book - contains paper samples showing paper colors, thicknesses and other specifications.
标记图像文件格式 - 用于存储来自扫描仪和视频设备的图像的计算机文件格式。缩写 TIFF。
Tagged Image File Format - Computer file format used to store images from scanners and video devices. Abbreviated TIFF.
目标油墨密度 - 推荐用于各种印刷工艺和纸张等级的四种印刷油墨的密度。另请参阅总面积覆盖。
Target Ink Densities - Densities of the four process inks as recommended for various printing processes and grades of paper. See also Total Area Coverage.
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